Burrell: 'I really hoped to continue playing'
Important note: This piece includes details of discriminatory language and conduct
FormerEngland player Luther Burrell claims that going public to expose racism in rugby union brought his career to an early end.
In a 2022 interview, Burrell described racism as being "rife" in the game, displaying Whatsapp messages and recalling training ground "jokes" he had been exposed to while representing Newcastle.
At that time 34 and without a team, Burrell's only elite playing since has been three appearances with invitational side the Barbarians.
"I've have definitely had to retire because of what occurred," he explained to reporters.
"I wanted to continue playing, of course I did. I sought that, and it collapsed when word emerged that there were investigations going on.
"That was difficult - I had to simply accept the fate and accept that this entire situation is a lot bigger than me."
A rugby governing body investigation in April 2023 found Burrell's claims were true "on the balance of probability", but said it could not gather sufficient proof to categorically say they happened at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell started all of England's international games in 2014-15, but was surprisingly overlooked for their squad for the 2015 tournament
Burrell told media he also encountered prejudice within the England team environment, during a international career that saw him earn 15 caps after his debut in February 2014.
"I have had several traumatic experiences within England camp," he said.
"Some discrimination and some just outdated thinking that's really inappropriate."
Racism had become accepted in dressing rooms, in Burrell's experience.
"It's something that has been dressed up as banter and that's been the issue that I've myself experienced and seen," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican descent.
"During a extended period you just begin to believe that it's the standard and that is fine and that it's not malicious, but that's nonsense."
Burrell says he was eventually motivated to speak out after a fellow player at Newcastle referred to him as a "slave" and instructed him to put sunscreen on his arms and legs "where your shackles were."
The rugby authority said Burrell's revelations had led to "increased scrutiny at the environment within the elite game and to the implementation of an action plan for the professional game."
"We has given significant attention on inclusion and inclusion in rugby union and a substantial amount of work undertaken both before and since Luther Burrell spoke publicly and revealed his experiences of racism and classism," it continued.
"We are continuing work with teams and stakeholders in the professional game to work for a culture of acceptance but acknowledge this takes time and is an continuous effort."
All Prem and PWR club now has in-person education on creating welcoming cultures, with its success tracked via individual reports and feedback.
All England players, including age-grade squads, are trained in being "engaged observers" to intervene and defend others from damaging behaviour.
"You be so pleased of what you have done," Burrell's mother Joyce told him as part of the film Luther Burrell - Rugby, Racism and Redemption.
"I know it has had this impact on you and ended your career, but in our eyes, you have achieved so much. We are so proud of you and to have you as a son."
Burrell's dad Geoff died shortly after the production of the film, and his sibling passed away recently.
Burrell, who was raised on a social housing in Huddersfield, continues his work to make the sport more accessible.
His charitable organization works to connect with children in disadvantaged communities and support them succeed on and off the field with free sports training, guidance and dietary education.
"My personal motivations are pure, I want to see the progress of the sport and if others is prepared to tell their story then I'll persist to fight that cause because I'm not just doing this for myself," he explained.
"Everyone involved have an responsibility to make the sport as excellent as it can be and the longer I talk about it perhaps the more comfortable fellow players will feel about sharing their own experiences as well.
"I take the challenge by the horns and keep bearing this banner and keep supporting this responsibility and accomplish what I can to create opportunities and make the sport more appealing and more welcoming.
"There are a lot of underprivileged young people and a lot of poverty and I honestly think that the sport has the potential to change their futures, just as it did for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a comeback to former club Northampton in late 2022